Printing telegraph station identification transmitter system



April 29, 1947 J. c. MARSHALL ET AL 2,419,531

PRINTING TELEGRAPH STATION IDENTIFICATION TRANSMITTER SYSTEM Filed Dec. 18, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 1' FIG. I

ATTO RN EY Ap 7 .1. c. MARSHALL ETAL 2,419,531

PRINTING TELEGRAPH STATION IDENTIFICATION TRANSMITTER SYSTEM Filed Dec. 18, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORS J. c. MARSHALL H. F.-MAY I C. S. WHIT N EY U WW April 29, 1947. J? c. MARSHALL ET AL 2,419,531

PRINTING TELEGRAPH STATION IDENTIFICATION TRANSMITTER SYSTEM Filed Dec. 18, 1943 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 FIG. 3

I J.C'.MARSHALL H. F. MAY

C. S.WHITNEY,'JE

ATTORNEY Patented Apr. 29, 1947 PRINTING TELEGRAPH STATION IDENTI- FICATION TRANSMITTER Joseph C. Marshall, Baldwin, Harold F. May, Valley Stream, and Charles S. Whitney, Jr., Brooklyn, N.Y., assignors to The Teleregister Corporation, New York, N.

Delaware Y., a. corporation of ApplicationDecember 18, 1943, Serial No. 514,756

13 Claims. 1

This invention relates generally to telegraphic transmitting apparatus and more particularly to whereby each message or portion thereof as received at a receiving or relay station invariably will bear the identification or address of the sending station. More specifically, in the system disclosed, various predetermined functional signals, in addition to the identification and message signals, are automatically inserted and transmitted for operating a printer, reperforator or similar recorder at the receiving or relay station.

In various printing'telegraph systems it is desirable to have a number of sending stations connected in a telegraph office or line for the transmission of messages, for example, meteorological and otherdata or information, to a receiving or relay station Where the information from the various transmitting stations may bereceived and recorded on a telegraph reperforator or printer common to the sending stations, and'it is desirable that the received messages invariably include the sending station identification letters or other characters whereby all of the messages received and recorded, stored or relayed at the.receiving station may readily be identified with the particular stations respectively from which they were sent.

It'is also desirable that certain functional signals, for example, letters shift, normally be caused to precede the station identification characters,'and that. certain functional signals, for example, a space signal, normally follow the station identification, and" that under certain abnormal or special operating conditions, as when transmission of a message has been interrupted, the remainder of the message also will be accompanied by certain functional and identification signals, for example, letters shift, carriage return and-line feed, station identification characters, spacing, and in certain instances, figures shift, whereby the remaining portion of the message will be set apart from the preceding printed or recorded portion of the message received. Also,

it is desirable that certain functional or selection signals, for example, carriage return signals and letters shift, precede the station identification letters when program messages are transmitted, whereby at the receiving station the functional signals maybe employed to effect recordation of the received messages on a particular reperforator or other apparatus for retransmission thereof to other stations.

An object of the invention islatelegraph system in which predetermined additional characters, such as station identification characters, are inserted automatically at the beginning of a message transmitted under the control of a perforated tape or other control form at a sending station, so that at the receiving station the message printed or otherwise recorded invariably will bear the identification of,jor other information in regard to, the sending station.

Another object is a system of the foregoing character in which under normal operation certain functional signals-also will be inserted and transmitted immediately preceding and following the station identification or other additional information.

Still another object of the invention isa telegraph system in which under certain abnormal or special operating conditions, as uponinterruption in the transmission of a message, the identification of the sending station will automatically be inserted and transmitted prior to resumption of transmission of the stored message from such station.

A further object is a system in which upon interruption of the message being transmitted, certain additional functional signals will accompany accompany the identification signals of certainmessages to cause the messages to be reperforated or recorded on particular apparatus at the,

receiving station in such manner as to cause or enable retransmission from the receiving station to other stations or apparatus to which the message is to be relayed or retransmitted.

An additional object is the provision of suitable means for automatically preventing the trans-, mission of a message upon the presence or occur-P rence of certain line and operating conditions.

Other objects and advantages of the system andapparatus, and subcombinations thereof, will be apparent from the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment of the invention, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary view taken along the line 4- of Fig. 3, showing certain details of the send and receive messages over the line.

receiving or relay station R the permutation code operating mechanism for the contact lever bail of the transmitter-distributor; r

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary view in elevation 'of the operating mechanism and contact lever bail of 'a transmitter-distributor with tape transmitter lock-out mechanism associated therewith; and

Fig. 6 illustrates diagrammatically a telegraph loop comprising a receivin or relay station and a plurality of sending stations in accordance with the instant invention.

Generaldescriptionof the system and apparatus The automatic station identification system disclosed is intended primarily for use on telegraph printer circuits, although not limited thereto, and may be employed in connection with conventional telegraph page printers or reperforators for receiving the transmitted messages, and I with conventional transmitter-distributors as modified in accordance with the invention, for the transmission of messages. The system performs a number of functions, among which are the following:

(a) At the beginning of each regular message transmission, the system identifies the sending station by transmitting the station identification letters.

(0) Following an interruption of message transmission for any one of a number of causes hereinafter enumerated, the system trans! Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings illustrate a sending station in accordance with one embodiment of the invention in which a combination tape transmitter TT and rotary stop-start transmitting distributor TD, shown above the dot-anddash line X-X in Fig. 1, are employed for translating the code combinationsperforated in a tape into permutation code impulses and transmitting these impulses to the receiving station.

' The distributor TD, in connection with the cir cuits and apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and 2, also automatically inserts and transmitsto the receiving station permutation code signals comprising the identifying characters of the sending station and certain functional signals, immediately prior to the transmission or resumption of transmission of a message from the perforated tape in the transmitter 'IT. As shown in the upper left hand portion of Fig. 1, the station is connected to a telegraph loop or line L which, as indicated in Fig. 6, may include other stations S like the station of Figs. land 2, in addition to a receiving or relay station R. All of the stations S and R preferably are adapted to both At the signals may be received and recorded by suitable stop-start telegraph equipment. For example, the signals may be received and printed on various known types of printers, such as the sending and receiving page printers disclosed in the Noxon et a1; Patents 2,231,215, 2,315,009 and 2,252,232. If it is desired to reperforate or otherwise store the received messages at the receiving station, thereby to enable the same to be retransmitted to other telegraph apparatus or stations, any suitable storage means may be employed, for example, reperforators such as disclosed in the patent to Hoover 2,252,852, or a printer-reperforator such as disclosed in the Dirkes et a1. Patent 2,193,809 may be employed.

The sending station circuit has two pushbutton keys of the non-lockin or self-restoring type, designated in the lower right hand portion of Fig. 1 as Break-letters and Figures restart,

and a locking type push-button key designated Program message. The non-locking keys, hereinafter generally referred to as restart keys, are for the purpose of restarting transmission in either the letters or figures case following an interruption of transmission due to any of the causes enumerated hereinafter. .An electromagnetic solenoid TLO, shown diagrammatically in the upper right hand portion of Fig. 1, controls the stepping of the tape in the transmitter in a manner hereinafterdescribed in detail. When the solenoid is energized, stepping of the tape may proceed through the tape transmitter, and whenthe solenoid is deenergized, this prevents stepping of the tape, thereby to insure that the station identification letters and associated. functional signals which are transmitted by the special apparatus disclosed herein, and the message signals stored in the tape which are transmitted by the tape transmitter, will be transmitted respectively in proper order and proper time relationship.

Under various conditions, as described hereinafter, the apparatus transmits to the circuit L with which it is associated either a short address, a long address, or a program message address. The short address comprises, in the illustrative embodimentdisclosed, the following characters, which are transmitted in the order given: (1) letters shift, (2) station identification consisting of two or three letters, and (3) space. The long address comprises, in the embodiment illustrated the rollowing'characters, which are transmitted in the order given: (1) letters shift, (2) carriage return, (3) line feed, (4) station identification consisting of two or three letters, (5) space, and (6) figures shift when the following text of the message requires such a signal. {The program message address comprises, in the illustrative embodiment shown,-the following characters, which are transmitted in the order given: (1) carriage return, (2) carriage return, (3) letters shift,'(4) station identification consisting of two or three letters, and (5). space.

Normal 010eration.For normal message transmission the operator inserts theprepared message tape" inthe tape transmitter TT, closes the tape gate in known manner, and operates a starting switch, such as SW in Fig. 1, to its on position. Provided the line L isidle, the apparatus transmits the short address to the line, after which transmission from the message tape proceeds in the usual manner. At the conclusion of the message, transmission is stopped by the opening of an end-of-tape switch ET associated with the tape transmitter, or by the operator who throws the switch SW to its off position. When a program message is to be transmitted, the locking push-button, designated Program message at the lower right hand corner of Fig. 1, is pushed in, and thereafter the operation is as described immediately above. The program message address istransmitted to the line, followed by transmission from the perforated tape or control form.

Operation under abnormal or special conditions.If the tight tape switch arm TTS associated with the tape transmitter is lifted due to a tight tape condition in tape t occurring while transmission is in progress, the distributor TD will be stopped automatically and transmission will cease. The operator then releases the tape loop and restores the tight tape switch arm to its normal or lowered position shown in Fig. 1. Transmission cannot be resumed, however, until one of the restart keys is depressed and released. The operator inspects either a MP, shown in the upper left hand corner of Fig. l, or the already transmitted portion of the tape to determine whether transmission was in progressin letters or figures case at the time of interruption, and then depresses the corresponding restart key. Upon release of the key, the apparatus transmits to the line the longaddress, sending as the final character thereof figures shift if the figures restart key is depressed, and omitting it if the break-letter key is used. Immediately thereafter transmission from the message tape is resumed.

Transmission interrupted by open line.If the line circuit L to which transmission is taking place goes open and remains so for approximately the transmission time of one character, transmission will stop. After the line circuit has been reestablished, transmission may be resumed by depressing and releasing one of the restart keys, thereby sending the long address.

Transmission interrupted by power failure- If the A. C. power supply to the distributor driving motor M and associated clutch trip magnet CT fails while transmission is in progress, the distributor will stop and transmission will cease. After the power supply has been reestablished, transmission may be resumed by depressing and releasing one of the restart keys, thereby sending the long address. If the D. C. power supply to the relays of the system fails while transmission is in progress, the distributor will stop and transmission will cease. After the power supply is reestablished, transmission may be resumed as in the normal start of transmission, and the short address will be sent, followed by transmission from the tape.

Interference with brush arm.If the rotation of the brush arm I) of the start-stop distributor is mechanically impeded While transmission is in progress, the clutch trip magnet CT will be released and transmission will cease. Transmission may be resumed by depressing and releasing one of' the restart keys,

Attempt. to start on open line.--If the trans-v monitor printer mitter is associated with a line circuit which is not closed so that line current may flow, the apparatus prevents transmission from starting, and neither the identification nor tape transmission may take place until the line circuit is closed.

Attempt to start when line is in use-If the transmitter is associated with a line which is in use and transmitting signals are originating at another station, transmission will not be initiated by throwing the start and stop switch SW to its on position. However, if the transmitter is left connected to the line with the switch thrown to its on position, transmission will start with the sending of the short address as soon as the line is released by the stopping of transmission from the other station. In the case of sequence collection transmissions by the various stations on the line, the start-stop switch at any station is not turned to its fon position until the station immediately ahead in the sequence is actually transmitting; otherwise this station may start its transmission out of its proper sequence.

Breaking transmission from another station- The operator may break the transmission of another station by depressing the Break-letters key. As long as the key is held depressed, the line circuit will be held open. When the key is released, the long address will be transmitted, provided the other station has released the line and left it in a steady marking condition. When the start-stop switch is on, transmission from the tape will proceed immediately following the transmission of the long address.

Attempting to stop transmission of address- Under normal operating conditions, when transmission is once started as in regular operation, it will be allowed to proceed, beginning with the transmission of the address, followed by transmission from the tape. If, however, the switch should be restored to its off position while transmission of the address is in progress, the complete short address will be transmitted, after which transmission will cease. If the switch is returned to its on position, the short address will again be sent, followed :by transmission from the tape. If the tight tape arm is lifted during transmission of the address, transmission will cease with the transmission of the character then in progress. Transmission may then be resumed only by depressing and releasing one of the restart keys, thereby transmitting the long address, followed by transmission from the tape.

General circuit description For convenience in Figs. 1 and 2 of the drawings, various of the devices and elements shown are identified by reference letters which generally designate their functions in the circuits. Such devices as seen in Fig. 1, several of which have been referred to above, comprise the telegraph line L, monitor printer MP, tape transmitter TT with fixed marking and spacing contacts 1n and s for selective engagement by resilient spring contact tongues 13, the operative positions of which are determined by tape feeler pins p. Associated therewith is the rotary transmitting distributor TD with stop and start segments Sp and St, respectively, and five code segments I to 5, driving motor M for the transmitting distributor, clutch trip magnet CT for stopping and releasing the rotatable brush arm b of the distributor, switch SW for initiating and terminating transmission from the station, end-oftape switch ET which operates to stop transmission when the perforated message tape in T1 is depleted, tight-tape switch TTS which functions as an autostop when the tape t in the loop feeding into the tape transmitter becomes too tight, and tape lockout solenoid TLO which when energized permits the message tape to step through the transmitter and when deenergized prevents the tape from stepping even though the clutch trip magnet CT may be energized and the transmitter brush arm b is in rotation. Various of the relays in Fig. 1 are the relay SS connected to the stop segment Sp, break relay BK, line busy relay LB, common pulse relay CP, open line relay OL, start relay ST, and cutofi relay CO. The push buttons at the lower right hand corner of Fig. 1 have legends which designate their functions.

In Fig. 2 is shown a counting chain of eight sequence relays (I) to (8) which are operable in variable sequence to control under varying conditions the transmission of the station identification letters and functional signals to the line. Following the counting relays is a relay TTR which controls tape transmission such that when the relay is energized, it establishes circuit paths from the tape transmitter contacts to corresponding segments l to of the transmitting distributor TD and also closes a circuit path to the tape lockout solenoid TLO. Other control relays in Fig. 2 are prime relay P which directs pulses to the counting chain, by-pass relay- BP for bypassing certain of the counting chain relays, diverter relay D used for program message transmission, and figures shift relay FS. Also, at the top of Fig.2 there is shown a cross-connecting block arrangement BLI which is used for crossconnecting the letter abbreviations comprising the station identification, these connections being made in accordance with the standard five-unit telegraph printer code. Provision is made for a maximum of three station identification letters, transmission of these letters to the line being under control of the sequence relays (4) (5) and (6) of the counting chain. At the lower right hand portion of the figure there is shown a crosseonnecting block arrangement BL2 to facilitate different connections which determine whether two or three station identification letters are to be transmitted.

Referring again to Fig. 1, the sending station is connected to the incoming side of the telegraph loop L by means of conductors iii, H and i2. The monitor printer MP, which preferably is a sending and receiving printer such as hereinbefore referred to, is connected in series with one side of the line. lheconductor !2 extends upwardly from conductor E i to each of the marking contacts in of the tape transmitter TT, and extends downwardly from conductor II to the operating winding of the stop-segment relay SS. The operating circuit of the latter relay continues by means of a conductor [5, left hand armature and break contact iii of the slow release break relay BK, and conductor E8 to the stop segment Sp of the segmented ring !9 of the rotary start-stop transmitting distributor TD. From the stop segment the circuit is continued through the rotary distributor brush 1) to the solid distributor ring 28, and thence by wayv of conductor 2! to the outgoing side of the telegraph loop L. A condenser 22 is bridged across the winding of the relay SS for line correction purposes.

With the start switch SW in its.off position,

operating winding of relay SS is short-circuitedi by a shunt path comprising a conductor 25, left hand blade of switch SW, conductor 26, armature and break contact 21 of the common pulse relay CP, conductor 28 to the upper inner armature and break contact 29 of the by-pass relay BP, Fig. 2, conductors 39 and. [8 to the stop segment Sp of the distributor TD, Fig. 1. When the switch SW is thrown to its on position, however, the foreging shunt circuit is removed from the stopsegment relay SS. When the station is transmitting, relay SS is connected in series with the stop segment Sp and operates and releases once during each time the brush b contacts the stop segment during operation of the rotary distributor TD, for controlling the operation of the counting chain of sequence relays (I) to (8) and the tape transmission relay TTR in a manner hereinafter described.

The start-stop distributor, when operating, is driven by the motor M through the medium of well known friction clutch mechanism (not shown in Fig. l) at a constant fixed speed, the driving motor being energized from a suitable source of current, such as the alternaing current source 32, 33, it being understood that a control switch may be employed in known manner to start and stop the driving motor at the beginning and end of the periods when the station is in use. The motor may be either a constant speed synchronous motor or a governor controlled motor. One side 33 of the alternating current source is also connected to the clutch trip magnet CT associated with the rotary brush 2) of the transmitting distributor TD, the circuit continuing from the magnet through a current limiting resistance 34 and conductor 35, the tight-tape switch contacts 33, and conductor 31 to the outer left hand armature 38 and make contact of the start relay ST, when operated, and thence by conductor 30 to the other side 32 of the alternating current supply source. The relay ST, when energized as hereinafter described, operates to energize the clutch trip magnet and trip the distributor clutch for releasing brush 1) for rotation and initiating transmission by the distributor TD. A resistance 3i is connected between the conductors 35 and 39 so as to bridge the armature and contact 3&3 of relay ST for spark prevention purposes, the value of resistance 3i being sufficiently high, for example, 2000 ohms, to prevent operation of ST through the resistance.

Operation With the station in normal unoperated condition, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the power supply turned on, all relays are deenergized except the line busy relay LB which is operated from ground at the outer right hand armature it and break contact of relay SS, conductor 4!, winding of the relay LB, which is a slow release relay by reason of a condenser 42 bridged across its winding, and through a resistance as to grounded battery M. The external line circuit is held closed over the SS relay shunt circuit hereinbefore described, viz., conductors i0, and 25, left hand blade of the switch SW, conductor 26, armature 21' and break contact of the relay CP, conductor 28, upper inner armature and break contact 29 of relay BP, Fig. 2, conductors 39 and E8 to the stop segment Sp of the distributor, and through brush 1), solid ring 20, and conductor 24 to the outgoing side of the telegraph loop L.

If a message tape is inserted in the tape transmitter TT and the tape cover gate closed, the contacts 66 of the end-of-tape switch ET willbe closed. When the operator desires to transmit to the line, the switchSW is thrown to its "on position, and this opens the SS relay shunt circuit previously described and places the winding of the relay SS in series with the transmitting line. If the line is externally closed through to a source of telegraph battery, the line current will pass through the winding of relay SS and cause it to operate.

The operation of relay SS opens, at its outer right hand grounded armature and break con tact 40, the circuit of the line busy relay LB and causes LB momentarily to release. Ground through the right hand armature i8 and contact 49 of the now unoperated relay LB is supplied to conductor 50, through the closed contacts 45 of the end-of-tape switch ET and the right hand blade of the switch SW which is in its on posi tion, and through conductor 52 to various other points and initiates several operations as follows. It causes open line relay L to operate through conductor 53, inner right hand armature and make contact 54 of operated relay SS, conductor 55, operating winding of the slow release relay 0L, and conductor 56 to grounded battery '5. The operation of relay GL, at its left hand armature and make contact es, completes an operating circuit for the start relay ST, this circuit comprising grounded battery 85, operating winding of relay ST, conductor til, left hand outer armature and break contact $8 of cutoff relay C0, conductors 69 and it, left hand armature and make contact 65 of the operated relay 0L, and thence through conductors 53 and 52 to the right hand blade of the switch SW and the closed contacts d6 of switch ET, and conductor 58 and the right hand contact 49 and armature d3 of relay LB, to ground. Relay ST operates and locks up from battery on conductor t9, through its outer right hand armature and make contact ll, conductor l2, and the lower outer armature and break contact 13 of relay TTR, Fig. 2, and thence to ground.

The operation of relay SS has also caused a path to be prepared from conductor 52, Fig. 1, through a conductor it, upper outer armature l5 and break contact of by-pass relay BP, Fig. 2, and conductor E6, to the make contact associated with the upper outer armature l? of the tape transmission relay TTR. When this latter relay is operated, as hereinafter described, the foregoing circuit is continued through a conductor 18 to the operating winding of the tape lockout magnet TLO, Fig. l, and through a limiting resistance 19 to grounded battery 8%. A resistance 8! is bridged across the winding of TLC for spark prevention at the tape transmission relay armature and contact Tl. Energization oi the tape lockout magnet at the proper time causes retraction of its core 82 thereby to enable the message tape to be stepped through the transmitter TT, described in detail hereinafter with reference to Figs. 3, 4 and 5.

The code segments i to ii of the segmented ring E9 of the rotary transmitting distributor TD are connected by conductors l to 5 which are multiplied, by means of a cable 85, to nine upper groups of armature-s and make contacts of the counting chain of sequence relays (i) and (8) and the tape transmission relay TTR. The groups of armatures and contacts of the counting relays (i) to (8) are designated in Fig. 2 by the reference letters LS, CR, L? or CR, iL, 2L, 3L, SP, and F8, respectively, appearing above the groups. The subsequent operations of the stop-segment relay SS, together, with the auxiliaryrelays P and CP, cause the sequential operation of predetermined ones of the counting relays (l) to (8), depending upon the nature of the functional signals and address signals to be transmitted, as determined generally by the operated or unoperated condition of relays BP, D and PS. If a short address is to be sent, relays (l), (4), (5), (G) and (l) are successively operated in the order named to transmit 2. letters shift signal, three station identification characters, and a space signal, immediately prior to operation of the tape transmission relay TTR. If a long address is to be sent prior to resumption in. the transmission of an interrupted message, relays (i) to (l) are successively operated to transmit letters shift, carriage return, line feed, three station identification letters, and a space signal. If the following text of the interrupted message requires a figures shift signal, relay (8) also is operated immediately after relay (1), after which relay TTR, is operated.

If a program message address is to be transmitted, the sequence of operation of the first three relays (i) to (3) is reversed in order to send predetermined selection or switching signals which at the receiving or relay station may be employed to switch the incomin circuit to desired outgoing circuits or to a selected tapereperforator for preparing a control form for subsequent retransmission of the received messages to other lines or stations. These selection signals, in the particular embodiment illustrated. comprise carriage return, carriage return, and letters shift which are transmitted by relays (3), (2) and (1) operating in the order named, after which relays (4) to (6) transmit three station identification letters, and relay (1) transmits a space signal, followed by the operation of relay 'TJTR.

When sequence relay (I) is operated, the five segments l to '5 of the transmitting distributor ring iii are connected, through the armatures 90 and make contacts of the relay to, conductor H which in turn is connected to the incoming side of the telegraph line L, and battery from the telegraph line will cause marking impulses to be applied to each of the five code segments of the distributor ring I9, thereby transmitting a letters shift signal. When sequence relay (-2) is operated, its upper armature 9| and make contact will cause marking battery from line L to be applied to segment 4 of ring IS, the remaining segments representing spacing impulses, thereby transmitting a carriage return signal to the line. The function of sequence relay (3) varies dependent upon whether the diverter relay D is operated or unoperated. If D is unoperated, the operation of relay (3), through its armature 92 and make contact, will cause marking battery from the line L to be applied through conductor Hill) to the right hand inner armature lei and break contact of relay D and then through conductor 2 or" cable to segment 2 of distributor ring l9, causing the transmission of a line feed signal to the line. If relay D is operated, as when program messages are to be sent, marking battery will be' applied through its aforesaid armature Mil and a make contact J03 to conductor 4 of cable 85 to apply marking battery to segment A of ring 49, thereby causing the transmission of a carriage return signal.

The particular identification character code signals transmitted by relays (4), (5) and (6), when operated successively, will be dependent upon which of their marking armatures and make 11 contacts 53, Stand 95 are connected to conductor I I by means of the cross connections I05, I06 and I6? on cross-connecting block BLI.

Relay (1) when operated, causes marking battery to be applied, through its armature 95 and make contact to segment 3 of the segmented ring I9, thereby transmitting a, space signal to the line. The operation of relay (3) depends upon the operation of the figures shift relay FS, and when operated the four armatures and make contacts 9'! apply marking battery to segments I, 2, 4 and 5 of ring I9, thus transmitting a figures shift signal. Relay T'I'R, when operated, through five of its armatures and make contacts 98 and a cable I I5, connects the five code contacts I3 of the tape transmitter TT to the corresponding five code segments of ring I9, so that during successive revolutions of the distributor brush b the permutation signals in the perforated tape which is being stepped through the tape transmitter and comprising the body of the message are transmitted to the line.

Transmission of a. short address The operation of the system will now be described with reference to the transmission of a short address, it being recalled that stop segment relay SS operates and releases once during each rotation of the released brush b of the rotary distributor TD.

Operation of relay (1) .The first operation of the relay SS completes a circuit from ground at armature 85 of the operated start relay ST, conductor 86, make-before-break contact 8! and armature 88 of relay SS, conductor I I2, upper armature I I4 and break contact of common pulse relay CP, conductor II5, left hand outer break contact and armature II6 of unoperated relay D, conductor 1, winding of relay (I) of the counting chain, conductor I I8, outer right hand armature I I9 and break contact of relay D, conductor I20, and lower inner armature I2I and break contact of relay (2) From the armature I2I a chain circuit extends through conductor I24, right hand armature I and break contact of relay D and conductor I26 to the break contact of the lower inner armature I21 of relay (3). From armature I 21 the chain circuit continues through conductor I28 to right hand armature I29 and break contact of relay D, and conductor I30 to the break contact of the lower inner armature I3I of relay (4). Armature I3I is connected directly to the break contact and lower inner armature I32 of relay (5); similarly, armature I32 is connected to the break contact and lower inner armature I34 of relay (6), and thence to break contact and armature I35 of relay (1) break contact and armature I36 of relay (8) and break contact and armature I38 of relay TTR to grounded battery I39.

Relay (I) operates and at its armatures 90 and make contacts applies marking battery to each of the segments I to 5 of distributor ring I9, thereby marking the letters shift code on the transmitting segments of the distributor. Relay (I) locks up through a holding circuit comprising its upper inner armature MI and make contact, conductor I42, current limiting resistance I44, Fig.7 1, conductor M5, break contact and right hand-middle armature I46 of relay CO, conductor I41 and right hand inner contact 62 and grounded armature I48 of the operated slow release relay 0L. It will be recalled that the operation of relay ST has, through its armature 38 and make contact, operated the clutch trip magnet CT and released the distributor brush for rotation. The

locking'armature MI of relay (I) is a preliminary make armature, i. e., it engages its associated contact to close its locking circuit before the remaining armatures of the relay are effective to perform their circuit-controlling operations, and this is likewise true of the upper inner locking armatures of the relays (2) to TTR.

When the distributor brush leaves the Sp segment, the relay SS is released, and the ground from armature of relay ST which caused the operation of counting relay (I) is removed at the armature 8B of relay SS, but relay (I) remains operated over its locking circuit above described. Due to the releaseof relay SS, the following operations also ensue: Prime relay P operates by reason of the reclosure of contacts 8? and I5Il of relay SS which completed a circuit from ground at armature 85 of relay ST, to conductor I5I, the operating Winding 201 of relay P, conductor I52, lower inner make contact and armature I54 of operated relay (I), conductor III and thence through the chain circuit above described which includes the lower inner armatures and break contacts of relays (2) to TTR, to grounded battery I3 9. The operation of relay P closes an operating circuit for relay CP, this circuit comprising grounded battery I55 at relay CP, operating winding of CP, conductor I51, lower outer make contact and armature I58 of relay P, conductors I59 and I50 and the right hand inner make contact and grounded armature 53 of relay LB which has operated by reason of the closure of its operating circuit at the armature 40 of deenergized relay SS. Relay LB now remains operated, because of its slow release characteristics, during succeeding revolutions of the distributor brush. Relay 0L also remains operated because of its slow release characteristics, notwithstanding that the energizing circuit through its winding was opened at armature 54 of relay SS.

Relay CP, upon operating, provides a locking circuit for itself from grounded battery I56 through its lower inner make contact and armature I62, conductor I63, conductor 86, and left hand inner make contact and armature 85 of relay ST to ground. With relay CP operated it provides ground through its lower make contact and armature I 54, replacing the former ground through armature 48 and break contact 49 of relay LB, for energizing relay OL when relay SS reoperates, the circuit comprising armature I 64 and make contact of relay CP, conductor I65, conductor 5E9, end-of-tape switch contacts 45, right hand blade of switch SW, conductors 52 and 53, right hand inner armature 54 and make contact of relay SS, conductor 55, operating winding of relay 0L and conductor 55 to grounded battery 51,

Operation of relay (4) .Since relay ST remains operated by reason of its locking circuit through grounded armature 13 of relay TTR, the clutch trip magnet CT remains energized and the brush arm 2) will not stop after completing one revolution. When the brush again reaches the stop segment Sp, relay SS again operates, causing the operation of sequence relay (4), the relays (2) and (3) being by-passed by the upper middle armature I6I and break contact of unoperated relay BP, as described below.

The second operation of relay SS completes a circuit from ground at armature 85 and make contact of operated relay ST, through conductor 86, make-before-break contact 87 and armature 88 of SS, conductor II2, armature II 4, and make contact of operated relay CP, conductor II5, lower inner armature I 61 and make contact of '13 operatedrelay P, lower outer make contact and armature I 68 or operated relay (I), conductor I69, upper middle armature H51 and break contact of unoperated relay BP, conductor Ilil, winding of relay and thence through armatures and break contacts I32, I34, I35, I35 and I38 of relays (5) to 'ITR, to grounded battery I39. Relay (4) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature I-It andcontact to the The operation of relay t) causes the battery supl ply to the winding of relay (I) and winding w! to be opened at armature Isl and break contact I of relay (4), causing relay (I) to release. Relay P remains operated because of the locking circuit through its winding w2 just described. When relay 'SS releases, this locking circuit is opened and relay P releases.

Operation of relay (5).The third operation of relay SS causes the operation of relay (5) through a circuit which includes the contact Bl andarmature 86 of SS, armature IM and make contact of relay CP, armature Iiil and break contact of unoperated relay P, conductor I15, lower outer make contact and armature il't of operated I.

relay i), conductor I'l -i, winding of relay (5), and thence through armatures I34, I35, I36, I38 of relays ('3) to TTR, to grounded battery I39. The operation of relay (5) opens, at its armature I32 and break contact, the holding circuit for the winding of relay (4) which releases, relay (5) having previously locked up through its preliminary make armature Mil and contact to ground on the conductor I42. When relay SS releases, relay P operates from ground on conductor I5! through its upper winding wI, conductor I52, and make contact and armature I32 of relay (5) to battery at I39. Relay (5) at its five upper armatures 9 3 and their make contacts, marks the transmitting segments of distributor ring I9 in accordance with the cross connections Hi6 of block BLI, thereby marking the transmitting segments with the code for the second character of the station identification, for example, letter B.

Operation of relay (6).The fourthoperation of relay SS operates relay (6), it being understood that the terminals of the connecting'block BLZ are wired as shown by the connecting wires and as in the lower right hand corner of Fig. 2. The ground applied to conductor Ilifi'by relaySS is extended through armature I61 and make contact of operated relay P, conductor I84, lower outer armature and make contact I85 of relay conductor I86, Winding of relay (6), and thence through armatures and break contacts I35, I36 and I33 of relays (l) to'TTR, to the grounded battery I39. Relay (5) operates and at its five upper armatures 95 and their make contacts applies marln'ng battery to certain of the segments or" distributor ring I 9 in accordance with the cross connections I [ll of block BLI, thereby marking the transmitting segments with the code for the third letter of'the station identification, for example, letter C. The same ground applied by relay SS again temporarily establishes a locking circuit through the winding 1122 of, relay P to grounded battery I12. Relay (-6) looks up through its preliminary make armature I88 and contact to ground on conductor I42. The operation of the relay opens, at its lower inner armature I35 and break contact, the holding circuit for relay (5) which releases, andthe circuit through winding wI of relay P which, however, remains operated because of the looking circuit through its winding 2122. When relay SS releases, the locking circuit for relay P is opened and relay P releases.

Operation of relay (7) .The fifth operation of relay SS operates relay (l), operating ground being applied to conductor H5 in the manner heretofore described with respect to relay (5). From conductor lit the circuit extends through lower outer make contact and armature I 99 of operated relay (6), conductor I9I to terminal block 3L2, connection as, conductor I92, winding of relay ('I) and thence through armatures I 35 and I38 of relays (8) and 'I'TR to the grounded battery I39. Relay ('1) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature I94 and contact to the grounded conductor I 52, and opens at its armature I35 and break contact, the holding circuit for relay (E) which releases. When relay SS releases, relay P operates from ground on conductor I5! through its upper winding wI, conductor I52 and make contact and armature I35 of relay ('I) to grounded battery I 39. Relay (l) at its upper outer armature 96 and make contact applies marking battery to segment 3 of the transmitting ring I9, marking the transmitting segments with the code for a space signal, thereby separating the identification letters one space from the body of the message which is to follow.

Operation of relay TTR.The sixth operation of relay SS operates the tape transmission relay TTR, the operation of relay (8) being by-passed at the upper armature 299 and break contact of unoperated figures shift relay FS. Relay SS again applies operating ground to armature I5! and make-contact of operated relay P, the circuit continuing through conductor E84, lower outer make contact and armature ZIII of operated relay (7), conductors 292, 299, upper armature 209 and break contact of relay FS, conductor 294, and winding of relay TTR to grounded battery I39. Relay TTR. operates and locks to ground through its preliminary make contact and armature 206 to conductor I62, and at five of its upper armatures 95 connects, through cables H9 and 85, the five tape pin contacts I3 of the tape transmitter TT to the five transmitting segments I to 5 of distributor ring I9, permitting transmission from the perforated tape.

Relay TTR also operates the tape lockout solenoid TLC) in the transmitter, the circuit comprising the grounded armature Hi l and make contact of operated relay CP, conductors I and 5%, switch contacts of ET and conductors .52, l t to armature iii and break contact of unoperated relay BP, conductor It, upper outer armature and make contact "ll of relay TTR, conductor 78, operating winding of magnet TLC and resistance 35 to grounded battery 88. The same ground at armature I34 of relay 0]? also serves to lock the start relay ST, through conductor 53, right hand inner armature and make contact 2&5 of relay ST, armature 'II and make contact of the same relay, conductor 69, left hand outer armatureand break contact '68 of re- 15 lay'CO, conductor 61 and winding of relay ST to the grounded battery 66, the former locking circuit 'for relay ST through conductor 72 having been opened by the operation of relay TTR, at its lower outer armature and break contact 73. Relay CP remains locked to ground at armature 85 and make contact of relay ST. Relay (1) is released at operated armature l38 of relay TTR.

So long as untransmitted perforated tape is available for feeding through the transmitter, all equipment remains in the condition just described, and transmission to the line L from the perforated tape continues. The following relays remain operated: ST, CP, L, LB and TTR; also magnets CT and TLC of the transmitter-distributor. Relay SS operates and releases as the brush 1) passes the stop segment Sp on each revolution during transmission from the tape. Upon completion of transmission of a message, transmission will normally be stopped by the operator who restores the switch SW to its off position. This opens the locking circuit for relay ST which releases. The release of ST releases relay CP and deenergizes the clutch trip magnet CT. Upon completion of the revolution of the distributor then in progress, the brush arm b comes to rest on the stop segment. Relay SS will not operate at this time since it is shortcircuited by the shunt path through the left hand blade of switch SW, as hereinbefore described, and therefore relay 0L releases, causing the release of relay TTR. Relay LB remains operated and all portions of the equipment have been restored to their original condition.

Another means of stopping transmission which may be considered normal is for the end of the message tape to pass completely through the transmitter, causing the contacts d6 of the end of tape switch ET to open. The resulting operations are similar to those of the preceding paragraph, except that since the switch SW is still in its on position, relay SS will operate from the line current after the brush arm 13 has come to rest with its brushes on the stop segment Sp. Relay 0L will release, however, since its holding circuit is opened at the switch ET. Relay LB will release, after relay SS has been operated for approximately 0.3 second.

Two letter station identifi'cation.-l/Vhen the station identification is to comprise only two letters or other characters, the cross connections I01 on block BLI are changed, as by omitting all the cross connections I07 except the middle one, so that a space code signal will be applied to the transmitting segments of distributor ring l9 when relay (6) is energized, and in this case the connections indicated in dotted lines y, y and g at block BL2 are employed, instead of the connections cc and as which are omitted. Since relay (6) will transmit a space signal, the operation of relay (1) may therefore be omitted so as to eliminate the transmission of a second space signal, the skipping or icy-passing of the normal operation of relay (1) being accomplished by the cross connections y, y and 1 referred to above. The operation of the relay SS, following its operation which causes relay (6) to operate, will operate relay TTR, omitting the operation of relay (7). This circuit for operating TTR may be traced from grounded battery I39, winding of relay TTR, conductor 2B4, upper break contact and armature 200 of unoperated relay FS, conductors 293 and 202 to terminal block BLZ, cross connection y,

conductor l9l, and operated armature-I and make contact of relay (6), to ground which has been applied to conductor I15 by the relays SS and P. Otherwise, the remainder of the operation is the same as that above described with reference to three station identification letters.

Stopping transmission due to tight tape.If, during transmission from the perforated tape, the tight tape arm of switch TTS is lifted, opening the contacts 36, the circuit to the trip magnet CT is opened and the magnet releases. At the end of the revolution in progress, the brush arm 12 comes to rest on the stop segment Sp and relay SS operates. Relay ST remains operated, holding relay CP locked. Relay LB releases in approximately 0.3 second after the operation of SS, and operates the relay CO over a circuit comprising left hand grounded armature 2i 2 and break contact of relay LB, conductors 2| 3 and 2M to lower outer armature 2l5 and make contact of relay CP, conductor 216, and winding of relay CO to grounded battery 211. The opening of armature I46 of relay CO releases relay I'IR. Relay CO looks through its right hand inner armature 220 and make contact, and conductor 22 I, lower outer armature 222 and break contact of relay BP, to. ground at 223. The opening of armature 68 of relay CO releases relay ST, thereby releasing relay CP. If the tight tape arm is now restored, reclosing it contacts 36, transmission will not be resumed automatically because the circuit to the clutch trip magnet has been opened at armature 38 of relay ST.

Operation of the restart keg/s When the transmission has been stopped in the manner described in the preceding paragraph, it can be resumed only after the long address has been transmitted, and this operation can only be initiated by the use of one or the other of the two restart keys designated by the legends Breakletters and Figures restart in Fig. 1. The operator inspects the monitor printer MP to observe whether transmission was in progress in letters or figures case at the time of interruption, and then depresses and releases the corresponding restart key so that transmission may be resumed in the proper case following transmission of the long address.

Assume that the Letters restart key is depressed. This establishes a circuit from ground at 23I through the right hand make contact and spring 232 of the key, conductor 22l, armature 220 and make contact of operated relay CO and through its winding to grounded battery 2", holding relay CO locked. An operating circuit for the by-pass relay BP is also completed from ground at armature I64 and break contact of relay CP, conductor 234, to the left hand spring 235 and make contact of the depressed key, conductor 236, left hand inner armature 231 and make contact of operated relay CO, conductors 238 and 239, winding of relay BP, conductor 240 and armature I38 and break contact of relay TTR to grounded battery I39. Relay BP operates and looks through its lower inner armature 242 and make contact to ground 223, and removes the ground which was applied at its lower outer break contact and armature 222 and formerly held relay CO operated. If the key is now released, this removes the remaining ground 23l from conductor 22l and relay CO releases. Retransmission of the station identification in long address form now begins.

Operation of relay (2) .-Since relay BP is now operated, relays (2) and (3) will not be bypassed as in the previously described transmission of the short address, and the second operation of relay SS will cause relay (,2) to operate following the operation of relay (I) which transmitted a letters shift signal. Relay (2) operates from ground applied by relay SS to the conductor E55, armature I61 and make contact of operated relay P, armature I68 and make contact of operated relay (I), conductor I59, the upper middle armature I61 and make contact of BP, conductor 242, winding of relay (2), conductor I24, armature I25 and break contact of relay D, conductor I25, break contact and armature I21 of relay (3) conductor I28, armature I25 and break contact of D, conductor I30, armatures I3I-i38 of relays (4) to TTR, and grounded battery I39. Relay (2) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature 244 and contact to conductor I42, and at its actuated armature I2I causes the release of relay (I). At its upper armature 9| and make contact relay (2) marks segment 4 of distributor ring I9, thereby causing the distributor to transmit a, carriage return signal to the line L. Relay P functions in the manner hereinbefore described in the operation of relay (4) and upon the release of SS, relay P releases. At the lower armature 2 2-5 of relay (2) a path is prepared for the subsequent operation of relay (3).

Operation of relay (3).The third operation of relay SS will cause relay (3) to operate over a circuit from grounded conductor I55, armature I51 and break contact of unoperated relay P, conductor I15, make contact and armature 245 of operated relay (2), conductor 245, winding of relay (3), conductor I28, right hand armature I29 and break contact of D, conductor I39,armatures I 3II38 of relays (4) to TTR, to grounded battery I39. Relay (3) operates and locks through its preliminary make armature 259 to the conductor I42, and at its lower inner armature I21 and break contact releases relay (2). At the armature I21 and its make contact, an operating circuit from battery I39 is supplied, through the unoperated contacts of relay D, for the winding wI of relay P which locks up. At its lower armature and make contact 252, relay (3) prepares a path from conductor I84 for the subsequent operation of relay (4) through conductor 254, left hand inner armature 255 and break contact of relay D, conductor I10, winding of relay (4) and armatures I32--I39 of relays (5) to TI'R, to battery I39.

The operation of relay (3) at its upper armature 92 and make contact applies marking .current through conductor I59, right hand inner armature IQI and break contact of D, and conductor 2 to segment 2 of the distributor ring I9, and a line feed signal is transmitted to line L following the carriage return signal previously transmitted by relay (2), thereby to set the remainder of the interrupted message, when printed, apart from that portion of the message which was transmitted prior to the inter- .ruption.

When relay TTR operates, following the transmission of the lon address, the relay opens, at its armature I39, the operating circuit of relay BP which releases. Transmission from the tape is now resumed, assuming that switches SW, ET and TTS have remained closed; if they are not all closed, transmission will cease aftercompletion of the address, as follows: (a) If SW is oil, .the winding of relay SS will be shortcircuited when relay BP releases following the operation of relay TTR. (1;) If SW is on, but ET is opened, the release of relay BP opens the holding circuit for relay ST at armature 15 and break contact of BP. (0) If the contacts 36 of the tight tape switch TTS are open, the clutch trip magnet CT will be deenergized when relay BP releases, the brush arm will c me to rest with brush 1) on the stop segment Sp, relay SS operates and relay OL releases releasing relays ST and T13. Under thecondition just described, the armature I5 and break contact of relay BP serve as a precautionary measure in opening the circuit to the tape lockout magnet -TLO to prevent a premature stepping of the tape when relay TTR operates.

When transmission is restarted by means of the Figures restart key, the resulting series of operations is similar to that just described for the Letters restart, with the exception that relay FS operates over a circuit from grounded armature I64 and break contact of relay GP, conductor 234, right hand spring 259 and make contact of the latter key, conductor 262, armature 253 and make contact of relay CO, conductor 254, winding of figures shift relay ES, conductor 249 and break contact and armature 1.3.8 of relay TTR to grounded battery 139. Relay FS operates and looks through its lower inner armature 26.5 and make contact to ground, and through its lower outer armature 261 and make contact operates relay BP over a circuit from battery I139 on conductor 24%), winding of BP, conductor 269, armature 2'51 and make contact of FS, conductor 215 to grounded armature I54 of relay CP. Both FS and BP remain looked under the control of relay TTR. With BP operated, this insures the transmission of the long address in the manner stated above, and with P8 operated causes relay (-8) to operate for the transmission of a figures shift signal after the space signal has been transmitted and before TTR operates. For this purpose relay (8) at its four upper armatures 91 and make vcontacts applies marking current to segments I, ,2, 4 and 5 of distributor ring I9,

Following the operation of the space relay (1), and assuming three station identification characters are employed, the operation of relay SS causes ground .to be applied to conductor I84 as in the manner heretofore explained with reference to the operation of relays (d) and (5), the circuit extending through make contact and armature 20I of relay (1), conductors 25.2, 203, armature i299 and make contact of operated relay FS, conductor 214, winding of relay (8) and break contact and armature I38 of relay TTR to the grounded battery I39. The operation of relay (8) prepares a circuit from conductor I15 through connection II? of block "SL2, conductor 215, lower outer make contact and armature 216 of relay (5), conductor .294 and windin of relay TTR to battery I39. Relay (8) looks up through its preliminary make armature 212 and contact, and at its lower inner armature I36 and break contact releases relay (1). Following the transmission of the figures shift signal, relay TTR ,opcrates through the circuit above noted, and relays BP and FS release due to the operation of armature I38 of TTR.

If only two station identification letters or other characters are employed, relay (6) transmits the space signal and relay ('I) is by-passed, the circuit to relay (8) extending from ground on conductor I15, make contact and armature I95-of (B), conductor I9! to block BL2, connection y, conductors 202, 253, armature 209 and make contact of FS, conductor 21%, Winding of relay (8) and armature and break contact 133 of relay TTR to battery. Relay (8) connects a circuit for the Winding wi of relay P through conductors I52, 218 to block B1212, connection 3 conductor 213, lower inner make contact and armature 136 of relay (8) and armature I38 and break contact of TTR to battery 133. At its lower outer armature 213 and make contact, relay (8) prepares an operating circuit for TTR by connecting conductor 18d, connection 242 on block BL2 and conductor 215 to conductor 2% and winding of relay TTR to battery, and the latter relay operates following the transmission of the figures shift signal.

Various known spark protection means may be employed throughout the circuit, wherever desirable or necessary. For example, resistances 325, Fig. 1, which are connected from conductors HI and 135, through condensers 323 to negative grounded battery 321, protect certain contacts of relays SS, CO and CL. The condensers are charged up by the battery 321 when these relays are operated and their contacts are connected to ground, and when the ground is removed the condensers discharge through the relay counting chain circuit and absorb the surges. Also, current limiting resistances may be em ployed throughout the circuit to regulate or control the current flowing in the various portions thereof.

. Description of tape transmitter Figs. 3 to 5 illustrate one form of a tape transmitter and distributor, and tape stepping control means therefor, which may be employed with the system shown in Figs. 1 and 2, although it is to be understood that any other known transmitter and distributor suitable for the purpose, and having tape stepping mechanism controllable generally as disclosed herein, may be employed. The general structural details and manner of operation of the transmitter-distributor illustrated are well known in the art and are substantially in accordance with the unit described in the U. S. Patent to Potts No. 2,057,111, issued October 13, 1936, except as the unit is modified for the purposes of the instant invention. Referring particularly to Fig. 3, the brush arm I), when released by the clutch trip magnet CT, travels over the circular segmented distributor ring 19 and the circular solid ring 23, the solid ring being concentrically disposed within the segmented ring. A mounting base structure 3513 supports the transmitter-distributor apparatus, the apparatus including its driving motor being protected by a removable cover or housing structure 35!; Secured to the base 350 is a frame 352 which supports the rotary distributor, its shaft 353 and other operating parts. Shaft 353 which carries the brush arm b is driven, in known manner, by the driving motor M and gearing (not seen in Fig. 3) Within the housing 35l, the power being supplied through a gear wheel 35% and a friction clutch 355. The shaft 353 is restrained in stop-start manner by a stop cam 35% and stop arm 351 controlled by the clutch trip magnet CT, the arm 351 operating to release shaft 353 when magnet CT is energized.

The lower end of shaft 353, which is supported by bearing structure 353, carries a cam350 rigidly secured to the shaft by a collar 33l and plate 332 to which the cam is adjustably secured, as by screws 364 which are received within arcuate slots in the plate 352, as seen in Fig. 4. The

cam 360, which rotates with the shaft 353 inthe direction of the curved arrow shown in Fig. 3, controls a tape sensing mechanism comprising, in the instant embodiment, five feeler arms 368. The feeler arms are all cyclically withdrawn, during advancement of the tape, by a pivotally mounted lever bail 369 having an arm or lever 313 which is operated by a lever 312 that is pivotally mounted at 31 5 to a depending bracket member 315 of the frame structure, and is controlled by the cam 333 when the lever 312 is not locked by the solenoid plunger 82 of the tape lockout magnet TLO. When the relay TTR of Fig. 2 is energized, each of the five code segments 1 to 5 of the segmented ring it is electrically connected, as heretofore described, to a corresponding one of the set of electrical contacts I3 on the feeler levers 333 which carry the feeler pins p. These feeler pins are arranged in transverse alignment across the path traveled by the perforated tape or control form t. The resilient spring contacts 13 move between the pair of oppositely presented marking and spacing contacts m and s.

When the tape transmitter is operating, perforated tape is fed, in the direction of the straight arrow in Fig. 3, by a pawl and ratchet actuated feed wheel 318 in a step-by-step manner. The several feeler levers 358 are periodically reciprocated by the bail 363 in cooperation with individual springs (not shown), alternately presenting and withdrawing their pins 10 from engagement with the tape it. Bail 318 rotates about the point 380 and describes a periodical reciprocal movement, and in so doing actuates in well known manner, and as shown in Fig. 4 of the aforesaid Potts patent, the feed pawl 38! and ratchet 382 for advancing the tape.

The perforations in the tape t occur in regular transverse rows, having various numbers of code perforations which are variously distributed in each row. When a transverse row of perforations is presented opposite the alignment of pins 20, the absence of a perforation prevents its associated lever 368 from rotating beyond that point at which it engages the tape, but when a perforation is presented opposite any pin p, the pin is permitted to enter such perforation and the associated lever 363 continues to rotate to a limited degree until its spring contact 13 encounters its associated contact 112. The presence of a perforation is generally referred to as a marking condition and the absence of a perforation as a spacing condition. In this sense then, those feeler levers 368 which encounter a marking condition continue to rotate until their spring contacts 13 touch the lower contact points m, while those which encounter a spacing condition fail to travel this distance and remain with their contact springs 53 engaged with the upper contact points 8.

The cam 385, which has a high point 330a, engages a cam follower 335 on the lever 312, seen more clearly in Fig. 4, and as the cam rotates during rotation of the shaft 353, it periodically actuates the lever 312 and thus imparts a periodic reciprocal movement to the bail 369 and feeler levers 338. The end of the lever 312, which actuates the arm 313 of the bail, carries a screw 381 and adjustable nut 383 whereby the extent of movement of the bail 363 may accurately be adjusted. Since the stepping of the tape and operation of the tape transmitter is initiated by and depends upon the operation of the bail 369, stopping the movement of the bail will prevent the transmitter from stepping, and this is effected by reason of; the fact, that the retractile plunger or core 82- of the tape lockout magnet, when the latter is deenergized, drops down into a position such that it engages the edge of the lever 312 and holds or blocks the lever in the position shown in Figs. 3 to 5,, notwithstanding that the cam 360 may continue to rotate as during rotation of the distributor when transmitting the functional and address characters hereinbefore referred to. The tape lockout magnet structure is rigidly secured, as by a U-shaped plate 390 which is fastened by studs 33I to a bracket 392 secured to a portion 350a of the frame structure 350. The operation of relay 'ITR at its upper armature H and make contact energizes the magnet TLO, which causes the core 82 to be drawn upwardly to a position such as to release and clear the lever 312, whereby the cam 360- again is operative to actuate lever 312 and bail 339 and thus effect transmission from the tape t.

Stopping transmission due to various abnormal conditions Interference with brush arm.If during transmission from the tape the brush arm I) is mechanically impeded so as to stop its rotation with the brushes on any segment except the stop segment Sp, relay SS will remain unoperated for an interval longer than during transmission of a character and relay L will release. Ground through the armature I48 and break contact of relay OL, conductor 2I4, armature 2I5 and make contact of operated relay CP, conductor 2I6, and winding of relay CO to battery 2|! will cause the latter relay to operate. The operation of CO, at its armature 68 and break contact, releases relay ST, thereby deenergizing the clutch trip magnet CT. If the brush arm is now released, it will come to rest with the brushes on the stop segment, and relay SS will reoperate, but transmissioncan be resumed only by the use of one of the restart keys.

If the mechanical interference with the brush arm takes place while the brushes are on the stop segment, relay SS will remain operated for longer than the normal interval and relay LB will release, applying'ground from its released armature H2 and break contact to conductors 2I3-, 2I4, armature 2I5 and make contact of relay CP, conductor 2I6 and winding of relay CO, to grounded battery 21?, operating CO and stopping transmission, as described heretofore. Transmission can be resumed only by the use of one of the restart keys.

Stop due to open Zine-If the line L to which transmission is being made goes open, relay SS will not operate as the distributor brushes pass the stop segment. Relay 0L will then release, operating relay C0 and stopping transmission, as described with respect to stopping of transmission due to interference with the brush arm when on other than the Sp segment. When the line circuit is reestablished, relay SS will operate, but transmission can be resumed only by theuse of one of the restart keys. If the station is provided with plugs and jacks or other connecting or switching apparatus for connecting or switching the station, the removal of the connecting plug associated with the apparatus from a sending-line jack or the opening of other connecting devices will open the line and stop transmission in a similar manner.

Failnre'otA. C. power suppln-Jf the alterhating. current power supply 32, 33 fails during tra1i1misi n,. thedirect current power remaining; uninterrupted, the clutch-trip magnet CT will release and the driving motor M1 will begin to coast. to a stop. When the brushes on arm b reach the stop segment, the. brush arm comes to rest. Operationthereafter is similar to that described hereinbefore with reference to stopping of transmission due to tight tape, and transmission can be resumed only by the use of one of the restart keys.

Failure of D. C. power snpply.-If the direct current power, illustrated by battery symbols in Figs. 1 and 2, fails during transmission, all operated relays will release except relay SS which operates on line current. The release of relay ST will deenergizethe clutch trip magnet, and the brush arm will come to rest with the brushes on the stop segment. When the direct current power supply is reestablished, all relays are enabled to function as in the normal starting operation hereinbefore described, and theshort. address is transmitted followed by resumption of transmission from the tape.

Attempt to start on open Zine.--If an attempt is made to start transmission when the external line circuit is not closed, relay SS will not operate and relay 0L remains unoperated which prevents relay ST from operating. No further action can take place until the line circuit again is closed.

Attempt to start transmission when line is in use If an attempt is made to start transmission at a time when signals are being sent over the line L from some other station, the relay SS will pulsefollowing the line signals as soon as the left hand contact of switch SW is opened when the switch is operated to its on position, removing the short circuit from the winding of relay SS. Under this condition relay SS will not remainoperated for a sufficient length of time to permit relay LE to release. Hence, relay ST cannot operate, since it is awaiting closure to ground at armature 4B and contact 4!] of relay LB. When transmission from the distant station ceases and'steady marking current flows to hold relay SS operated for a sufficient length of time to permit LB to release, transmission of the address will proceed in the normal manner hereinbefore explained.

Breaking transmission from another station If the operator desires to break the transmission of some other station on the line, this may be done by depressing the- Break-letters key. This causes operation of the break relay BK over a circuit from ground at armature I64 and break contact of relay CP, conductor 234, spring 235 and make contact of the Break-letters key, conductor 236, armature 231 and break contact of relay CO, conductor 258, winding of relay BK and conductor 56 to grounded battery 51. BK operates and opens the line circuit at its left hand armature I6 and break contact. If the distant stationis transmitting from a station similar to the one disclosed herein, the transmission of the distant station will be stopped as described above with reference to stopping of transmission when the line goes open. The opening of the line circuit by relay BK releases relay SS; operating relay LB and causing relay BP to operate through grounded armature 48 and make contact of LB, conductors I60, I59, armature 286 and make contact of BK, conductor 239, winding of BP, conductor 240 and break contact and armature I I38. of TTR, to grounded battery: I39.

When the operator releases the Break-letters key, relay BK releases, reclosing the line circuit.

The station will now send the long address so as to indicate to other stations on the line the identity of the station making the break. If at this time switch SW is on and ET and TTS switches are closed, the transmission will be the same as described hereinbefore with reference to the operation of the restart keys. However, if switch SW is in the off position, relay SS will be permitted to operate on the line current, since the short circuit pathwhich is normally closed across the Winding of SS when SW is off is now open at armature 29 and break contact of relay BP. If the TTS switch contacts are open, the clutch trip magnet will be energized through conductor 28?, lower middle armature 288 and make contact of operated relay BP and conductor 289.

Following transmission of the long address described in the previous paragraph, transmission from the tape will take place, provided the switches SW, ET and TTS are all closed; otherwise, transmission will cease upon completion of the address.

Attempt to stop transmission of address If during transmission of the address and before relay TTR has operated switch SW is moved to off or switch ET is opened, transmission of the address will proceed in the normal manner, but upon its completion no further operation will take place. Once transmission of the address has started the relay CP is operated in a manner already described with reference to the normal operation of the system, the relay operating through armature I58, and make contact of P, armature 48 and make contact of LB and looks through armature I62 and make contact of CP and armature 85 and make contact of ST. If switch SW is restored during transmission of the address, it will not short-circuit the winding of SS because the shunt path is open at armature 2! and break contact of CP. Hence, relay SS will continue to pulse as the brush arm rotates. The ground through switch SW to armature 54 of relay SS is removed, but this armature still remains grounded over a circuit from ground at armature I3 of TTR, conductor 12, armature H and make contact of ST, conductor I and armature 65 and make contact of relay 0L and conductor 53. This ground from relay TTR, therefore, holds relays 0L and ST locked and permits rotation of the brush arm to continue, and as SS operates each time the brushes pass the stop segment, the counting or sequence relays function and the address is transmitted. When relay TTR operates, the operation of its armature I3 releases relays ST and CL. The release of ST releases relay CP and deenergizes the clutch trip magnet.

If switch ET is open during transmission of the address, the operation is similar to that just described; the ground from armature IE4 is removed from armature 5d of relay SS but is replaced by ground from armature 73 of TTR. If the tight tape switch contacts 36 are opened during transmission of the address, relay CT will be deenergized and the brush arm will come to rest at the end of the rotation then in progress, Relay SS then operates, releasing relay LB. Since relay CP is operated, a path is provided for operating relay CO from armature 2I2 of LB. The operation of CO releases ST and all operated counting chain' relays. With relay ST released,

24 this releases CP. Transmission can be resumed only by use, of one of the restart keys, causing transmission of the long address.

Program message transmission As set forth above, certain messages designated program messages are to be preceded by the transmission of selection or switching signals comprising, in the embodiment disclosed herein, two carriage return signals transmitted successively, followed by a letters shift signal, as an lndication to automatic message diversion equipment at the receiving station that the message is to be switched to other circuits for repeating. Before preparing to transmit a program message, the Program message key, which is of the locking type, is depressed and left in its depressed position; the message tape is placed in the transmitter and transmission initiated as described herein with reference to starting the equipment when in its normal condition. The operated Program message key closes a circuit from grounded battery i39, armature I38 and break contact of relay TTR, conductor 2%, winding of diverter relay D, conductor 3%, spring Sill and make contact of the key, and thence through break contact and spring 302 or the Figures restart key and break contact and spring 232 of the Break-letters key, conductor 22L armature 222 and break contact of relay HP to ground 223.

With relay D operated, the first operation of relay SS will operate sequence relay (3) instead of relay (I) as heretofore. Relay SS, upon operating, completes a circuit from ground at armature of the operated start relay ST, conductor 86, make-before-break contact 3'17 and armature 88 of SS, conductor II2, upper armature I M and break contact of CP, conductor I I5, make contact and armature 24'! of operated relay D, conductor 248, winding of relay (3), conductor i263, armature I29 and make contact of relay D, conductor I28, break contact and armature I2I of relay (2). conductor I24, armature I25 and make contact of relay D, conductor 305, break contact and armature I54 of relay (I), conductor H8, armature IIS and make contact of relay D, conductor itfi, break contact and armature I3I of relay (4) and thence through the remainder of the chain circuit comprising armatures I32-I38 of relays (5) to TTR, to grounded battery at I39.

Relay (3) operates and looks, from battery on conductor I28, through its upper inner armature 25B and make contact to conductor I42, and at its lower armature 252 and make contact prepares a circuit for the subsequent operation of relay (2). At its upper outer armature 82 and make contact, relay (3) applies marking battery from the line L to segment 5 of distributor ring I9, over a circuit comprising conductor Iilfl, right hand inner armature IGI and make contact I03 of relay D, and conductor 4 in cable 85. thereby marking the distributor ring with the code for a carriage return'signal. The operation of relay ST, following the operation of SS, has operated the clutch trip magnet CT and released the distributor brush for rotation.

When the distributor brush leaves the stop segment, the ground at armature 35 of relay ST which caused the operation of relay (3) is removed at the releasedar'matureBB of rela SS, but relay (3) remains'operated over the locking circuit through its preliminary make armature 256. Due to the release of SS, prime relay P opcrates by reason of the reclosure' of the contacts 81 and I50 of SS which completes a circuit from ground at armature85' of relay ST, to conductor I5'I, the upper winding wl of relay P, conductor I52, lower inner make contact and armature I2'I of operated. relay (3:) and conductor I28 through the chain circuit described above for energizing the winding of relay (3), to grounded battery I39 at relay TTR. The operation of relay P closes an operating circuit for relay this circuit comprising grounded battery It at CP, winding of CP, conductor I57, lower outer make contact and armature I58 of operated relay P, and conductors I59 and I60 to the grounded armature 48 of operated relay LB which operated by reason of the closure of its operating circuit at the armature II) of deenergized relay SS. As stated before in connection with the operation of relay (I), slow release. relays LB and 0L remain operated, and relay CP locks up, through its inner armature I62, to armature 85 of relay ST to ground. Relay CP operated provides a ground through its make contact and armature IE I, replacing the former ground through armature 48 and break contact 49; of relay LB, for energizing relay 0L when relay SSireoperates.

As heretofore described, the second operation of, relay SS applies ground to the lower inner armature I61 and make contact of operated relay P, the circuit continuing through conductor I54, make contact and armature 252 of relay (3), conductor 2'54, armature 253 and make contact of relay D; conductor 2 32, Winding of relay (2), conductor I24, armature I25, and make contact of relay D, conductor 5&5, break contact and armature I54 of relay (I), conductor IIB, armature IIS'and make contact of relay D, conductor I30, break contact and armature I3! of relay (4), and thence through the chain circuit comprising armatures I3Z-I38 of relays (5) to TTR, to grounded battery I39; Relay (2) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature 244 and contact, and at its operated armature I 2! releases relay (3-) and opens the circuit through winding wl of relay P. At its armature SI and make contact relay (2) applies markin battery to segment 4 of distributor ring I9, thereby marking the distributor ring with the code for a second carriage return signal. At its lower armature 245- and make contact the relay prepares a circuit for the subsequent operation of relay (I). Relay P remains operated because of the locking circuit through its winding w2 until the relay SS releases, whereupon this locking circuit is opened and relay P releases.

The third operation of relay SS applies ground to the armature I61 and break contact of the now unoperated relay P and causes the operation of relay (I), the circuit extending through conductor I75, make contact and armature 245 of relay (2), conductor 2%, make contact and armature Iii; of relay D, conductor II'I, Winding of relay (I), conductor IE8, armature H9 and make contact of relay D, conductor I30, break contact and. armature I3! of relay (4), and thence through armatures Hit-I38 of relays (5) toTTB, to grounded-battery I39. Relay (I) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature III, and at its armature I54 and break contact releases relay (2). At its five upperarmatures 90 and make contacts, relay (I) applies marking battery toeach of the segments I to 5 of thedistributor ring II-, thereby marking the letters shift code on the transmitting segments of the distributor ring I9.

The-operationeof relay (I) also prepares a path at its lower outer armature Q68- and make con- 26 tact for the subsequent operation of relay (I), When the distributor brush again leaves the stop segment, relay SS is released and relay P operates through its Winding w-I, conductor I52,

, lower inner make contact and armature I54 of relay (I), and thence through conductor H8 and the chain circuit above described which includes the armatures ISI to I38 of relays (4) to TTR, to grounded battery I39.

The fourth operation of relay SS operates relay (d). Ground applied to conductor I656v by relay SS is extended through armature I61 and make contact of operated relay P, make contact and armature I68 of relay (I), conductor I69, armature IfiI and break contact of relay BP, conductor I18, winding of relay (4), and thence through armatures I32I38 of relays (5) to T'I'R, to grounded battery I39. Relay (4) operates and locks up through its preliminary make armature I'M, and at its armature I3I and break contact releases relay (I) at its lower armature I16 and make contact it prepares an operating path for- Relay (t) at its upper armature 93 acter. of the station identification. The succeeding operations of the remaining relays (5) to TTR. are the same as that heretofore set forth. When. relay TTR operates to permit transmission from the message tape, relay D is released at the operated armature I38. of TTR.

If transmission is interrupted by a normal stop, hereinbefore described, relay D will reoperate upon the release of relay T'IR, provided the Program message key remains in the operated position, and the following message will. also be preceded by the. Program message address. If transmission is interrupted by any of the causes requiring use of the restart keys, op.- eration Will be the same as that which has been described with reference thereto, since the depression of either of the restartkeys will releaseat its contact member 232 or 392, the energizing;

circuit for relay D, permitting transmission of signals and station. identification signals may be changed as desired, depending upon the purpose of the transmitting station and the nature of the information to be transmitted therefrom. This may be accomplished either by the omission or addition ofvarious of the relays such as (I) to (8), and by supplying such relays with the necessary number of armatures properly Wired for marking the distributor ring I9 with any code characters or signals desired. Also, the sequence of operation of the counting relays may readily be changed by changing the connections controlled by the by-pass relay BP and diverter relay D.

While a five-unit permutation code is employed in the system illustrated, any other suitable number of code units may be used, for example, a six unit code, by providing a corresponding numher of transmitting contact elements for the transmitter, transmitting distributor and relays (I) to TTR. Also, instead of absence of current to provide the spacing impulses or units of the code, battery of opposite polarity to the marking battery may be employed for this purpose and applied to the spacing contacts of the tape trans- 27 mitter and to make contacts associated with armatures of the sequence relays for applying such spacing impulses to the proper segments of the transmitting distributor ring is.

The invention'is particularly applicable to a telegraph circuit in which a number of transmitting and/or receiving stations are connected to the same line, but various advantages of the invention will also be present when one such station is connected by an individual line to another station.

The foregoing description of a specific embodiment of the invention is for the purpose of illustration only, and the invention is not intended to be limited except a indicated by the scope of the appended claims.

We claim:

1. In a telegraph communication system, a transmitter for automatically transmitting printer signals comprising a message stored in a control form, and other apparatus operatively associated with said transmitter for automatically and invariably transmitting additional predetermined printer signals pertaining to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message, said other apparatus including means operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for automatically and invariably transmitting said additional printer signals and printer line feed signals prior to resumption of transmission of the message by said automatic transmitter, for setting the remainder of the message, when printed, apart from the preceding printed portion thereof.

2. In a telegraph communication system, a transmitter for automatically transmitting printer signals comprising a message stored in a control form, and other apparatus operatively associated with said transmitter for automatically and invariably transmitting predetermined printer functional and printing signals pertaining to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message, said other apparatus including means operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for automatically and invariably transmitting said functional and printing signals and printer carriage return signals prior to resumption of transmission of the message by said automatic transmitter, for spacing the remainder of the message, when printed, from the preceding printed portion thereof.

3. An automatic station identification system comprising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having an automatic transmitter for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a control form, and other apparatus including a plurality of relays operable in predetermined sequence for automatically and invariably transmitting printer signals comprising the sending station identification characters prior to the transmission of said message by the automatic transmitter, said apparatus including means operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for automatically and invariably retransmitting said station identification characters prior to resumption of transmission of the message by the automatic transmitter.

4. An automatic station identification system comprising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having a tape transmitter and a distributor associated therewith for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a perforated tape, and other apparatus including a plurality of relays operable in pre- 28 determined sequence for automatically and invariably oausing said distributor to transmit printer signals comprising the sending station identification characters immediately prior to the transmission by the distributor of said message from the tape transmitter, and means including said relays operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for causing the distributor invariably to transmit said station identification characters prior to resumption of transmission of the message from the tape transmitter.

5. An automatic station identification system comprising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having a tape transmitter and a distributor associated therewith for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a perforated tape, other apparatus including a plurality of relays operable in predetermined variable sequence for automatically and invariably causing said distributor to transmit printer signals comprising the sending station identification characters immediately prior to the transmission by the distributor of said message from the tape transmitter, and restart means operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for changing the sequence of operation of said relays to cause the distributor to transmit said station identification characters and predetermined printer functional signals prior to resumption of transmission of the message from the tape transmitter.

6. An automatic station identification system com-prising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having an automatic transmitter for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a control form, other apparatus including a plurality of start means and a plurality of sequence relays responsive thereto for automatically and invariably transmitting additional predetermined signals relative to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message by the automatic transmitter, and relay means controlled by said start means for varying the sequence of operation of said sequence relays to cause the transmission of difierent ones of said additional signals depending upon which of the start means is operated.

'7. An automatic station identification system comprising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having an automatic transmitter for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a control form, other apparatus including a plurality of start means and a plurality of sequence relays responsive thereto for automatically and invariably transmitting additional predetermined signals relative to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message by the automatic transmitter, and relay means controlled by said start means for bypassing certain of said sequence relays to cause the transmission of difierent ones of said additional signals depending upon which of the start means is operated.

8. A telegraph system comprising a line and a plurality of telegraph stations common to said line, transmitters at said stations respectively for sending telegraph printer signals over the line, at least one of said stations having a relay responsive to signals transmitted over the line by another station, means normally operative for initiating transmission from said one of the stations, means including said relay for preventing inadvertent initiation of transmission from'said one of the stations when the line is in use by another station, means at said one of the stations for breaking transmission from another station, and means operable in response to said last-named means for automatically transmitting to the line character signals comprising the identification of the breaking station.

9. A telegraph system comprising an outgoing circuit and a telegraph station operatively connected to the circuit, said station having an automatic transmitter for sending printer signals comprising a message over the circuit and other apparatus automatically operative for sending the station identification characters prior to transmission of the message by said automatic transmitter, manually operable switch means for initiating transmission from the station, and means for causing said other apparatus to complete transmission of the station identification characters when transmission has been initiated by said switch means notwithstanding an attempt to stop transmission thereof by operating said switch means.

10. A telegraph system comprising an outgoing circuit, a receiving relay station and a sending telegraph station operatively connected to the circuit, said sending station having an automatic transmitter for transiriitting printer signals comprising a message to the receiving relay station, a plurality of different start means for initiating transmission of messages from said automatic transmitter, means comprising a plurality of. se quentially operable circuit-controlling devices responsive to said start means for automatically transmitting additional predetermined signals, and means controlled by at least one of said start means for varying the sequence of operation of said circuit-controlling devices to cause the transmission of variant message directing signals immediately prior to transmission of the messages by the automatic transmitter for actuatin apparatus at the receiving relay station.

11. A telegraph system comprising an outgoing circuit and a telegraph station connected to the circuit, said station having a tape transmitter and a distributor associated therewith for transmitting printer message signals stored in a perforated tape, other apparatus associated with the distributor for transmitting additional predetermined signals relative to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message from the tape transmitter, means including a solenoid and a retractile core controlled thereby for engaging and mechanically locking the tape stepping mechanism of the tape transmitter to prevent transmission from the tape during transmission of said additional signals, and means controlled by said other apparatus for operating said solenoid to release the tape stepping mechanism of the transmitter for operation upon completion of transmission of said additional signals.

12. A telegraph system comprising an outgoing circuit and a telegraph station connected to the circuit, said station having a tape transmitter and a distributor associated therewith for transmitting printer message signals stored in a perforated tape, other apparatus associated with the distributor for transmitting additional predetermined signals relative to the message immediately prior to the transmission of the message from the tape transmitter, means including a solenoid and a retractile core controlled thereby for engaging and mechanically locking the tape stepping mechanism of the tape transmitter when said solenoid is deenergized to prevent transmission from the tape during transmission of said additional signals, and means controlled by said other apparatus for energizing said solenoid to retract said core and release the tape stepping mechanism of the transmitter upon completion of transmission of said additional signals.

13. An automatic station identification system comprising a telegraph line, a station connected to said line, said station having an automatic transmitter for transmitting telegraph printer message signals stored in a control form, start means for initiating transmission of a message from the station, other apparatus controlled by said start means for automatically and invariably transmitting printer signals comprising the sending station identification characters prior to the transmission of said message by the automatic transmitter, other start means operative after an interruption in the transmission of said message for resuming transmission of the interrupted message, said other start means causing said apparatus to automatically and invariably transmit printer carriage return and line feed signals and said station identification characters prior to resumption of transmission of the message by the automatic transmitter for setting the remainder of the message, when printed, apart from the preceding printed portion thereof.

JOSEPH C. lVIARSHAlL.

HAROLD F. MAY.

CHARLES S. WHITNEY, JR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,193,811 Blanchard Mar. 19, 1940 2,193,812 Blanton Mar. 19, 1940 2,211,232 Hulfish Aug. 13, 1940 2,293,704 Blanton Aug. 25, 1942 2,332,191 Baughman 1 Oct. 19, 1943 2,332,645 Keithley Oct. 26, 1943 2,334,876 J anson Nov. 23, 1943 2,347,831 Kinkead May 2, 1944 2,193,809 Dirkes Mar. 19, 1940 

